Gauge



May 18, 1954 L'. R. Pls'roLEs 2,678,501

GAUGE Filed July 16, 1948 2 Sheets-Sheet l .si Y. i

` se 56 lqa/f\ /68 /56 .B A C '76 l 35 3376 @e 40 43 3+ ATTRNEY May 1s, 1954 L. R. PISTOLES 2,678,501

GAUGE Filed July 16, 1948 2 *Sheets-Sheet 2 [NI/ENTUE LAMBERT R. PISTULBS TT UHNEY Patented May 18, 1954 UNITED STATES ATENT OFFICE 8 Claims.

This invention relates to gages, and more particularly to gages similar to flush pin gages and especially adapted for gaging length.

In copending applications Serial No. 704,347, iled October 19, 1946, and Serial No. 30,069, led May 29, 1948, now Patent No. 2,597,030, issued May 20, 1952, there are shown flush pin gages of a novel form principally adapted for setting to any desired dimension for the purpose of gaging depth. While the gages shown are readily adaptable to many uses and variations, they are not in the form shown so readily adaptable to the gaging of extreme lengths, or lengths parallel to the axis of turned bodies, as distances between shoulders, a shoulder and annular groove, or various combinations of the foregoing including the end surface of such a turned body.

It is accordingly an object of the present invention to provide a settable gage capable of accurate alignment upon round or similar objects for gag-ing lengths between transversely spaced surfaces upon such objects.

A further object of the invention is to provide a gage of the type which is readily brought into alignment with the axis of an object to be gaged.

A still further object of the invention is to provide a gage of the type described which is readily settable, rugged when set, easy to use and economical to manufacture.

The above and other novel features of the invention will appear more fully hereinafter from the` following detailed description when taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It is expressly understood that the drawings are employed for purposes of illustration only and are not designed as a definition of the limits of the invention, reference being had for this purpose to the appended claims.

In the drawings, wherein like reference characters indicate like parts:

Figure l is a perspective view of a gage embodying the invention, being utilized to gage the length between successive stepped shoulders;

Fig-ure 2 is an end view of the gage of Figure 1;

`Figure 3 is an enlarged longitudinal sectional view taken substantially on the line 3--3 of Figi ure 2;

Figure 4 is a transverse sectional view taken substantially on the line fl-t of Figure 3 Figure 5 is a fragmentary transverse sectional view showing a bracket attachment detail;

Figure 6 is a view illustrating a use of the gage to measure length between shoulders of a turned Work piece;

Figure 7 is a View illustrating a use 0f theses@ to measure length between a shoulder and the end of a turned Work piece;

Figure 8 is a view illustrating the use of the gage to measure length between an annular groove and the end of a turned work piece;

Figure 9 is a view illustrating the use of the gage to measure length between a rectangular shoulder and a lleted shoulder;

Figure l0 is a section of the gage taken on line ill-I0 of Figure 8, showing. the block employed in the gaging operation of Figure 9;

Figure 11 is a top View showing the method employed for tagging or applying setting indicia upon the gage;

Figure 12 is an enlarged fragmentary sectional View of a modified aligning means; and

Figure 13 is a sectional View taken on the line i--S of Figure 12.

Referring to Figure 1, wherein the gage is applied to a turned work piece, it is desired to gage a plurality of pieces having cylindrical` portions 20, 22 and 2t, separated by plane annular surfaces or shoulders 20 and 23. It will be seen that for accurate gaging, it is imperative that the gage operate in parallelism to the axis of the work piece. For this purpose, the block 30, in which the gage rod 32 is slidably mounted, is provided with a pair of intersecting plane surn faces 35 and 36, bearing an obtuse angle with respect to one another, and forming a relatively shallow dihedral. The plane surfaces 34 and 36 are adapted to contact any cylindrical -surface along two parallel lines of tangeney 'B and C, which lines will always be parallel with the intersection A of the said planes, and parallel with the axis of the turned work piece. The block is provided with a cylindrical bore 3B, whose axis lies parallel to the intersection A of the planes. Within the bore are a pair of half sleeves 40 and 42, forming a smaller` concentric bore i3 in which is slidably positioned the gage pin 32. The half sleeves and gage pin described correspond in detail with the similar parts shown in application Serial No. 30,069, and may if desired be formed similar to that shown in application Serial No. 704,347.

Each of the half sleeves #it and t2 is adapted to be secured in set positions by opposed socket head screws i6 and @t lying in the respective threaded bores 5t and t2, which bores intersect the bore 38, and cooperate with complemental recesses 54 and 53 in each of the respective sleeves. The recesses are interrupted by a shoulder 58 having transverse surfaces against which the screws 45 and 48, with their squared ends 50 and a beveled edge m2.

Yin Figure 3.

62, bear to clamp the respective sleeves in set position. Each of the sleeves is provided with a shallow half annular groove Bil and 65, respectively, of a length sufficient to provide a suitable amount of endwise movement of the gage pin, the latter being fitted with an annular groove containing a spring ring El, also partially lying in the grooves ed and Sii. Each of the sleeves has flat surfaces t3 and 'it engaged by wedge surfaces 'l2 and lil of a clamping device constituted by a nut it and collar '5'8 clamped together by a screw Si?, and all lying within a transverse bore 32.

When the proper length of gage pin is selected for a particular dimension, the sleeves le and ft2 are positioned with their end gaging surfaces B4 and 86 so spaced as to define desired tolerance limits; andthe end of the gage pin as represented by the under surface 8S of the hand or wing B, will lie midway therebetween when gaging a part whose dimension is correct. The ends 8G and 8B are cut away as at 85 and El? to provide a clear space for slight angular movement of the hand 90. 4

For example, in Figure l or Figure 6, the end face t2 of the block, which face is at right angles to the pin axis, is butted against the shoulder 2E, while the end of the gage pin is butted against the shoulder 28. At the same time, the block is saddled upon the cylindrical surface 2G, so that the pin is parallel with the axis of the work piece being gaged. With the gage sleeves set properly for desired tolerance, if the gage pin can be rotated through approximately one-half revolution by manipulating the knurled knob Si so that the hand will pass over the top 8S of one sleeve, but strike the end @il of the other sleeve without clearing, while the pin end lies against the shoulder 2t and the block end face 92 lies Aagainst the shoulder 26, then the work piece is within the tolerance provided. Should the hand not clear either half sleeve and, as evidenced by slight movement only, then the length between the shoulders is greater than the tolerance; and if the hand can rotate clear of both sleeve ends, the length is less than the tolerance.

The other end of the block 94 is parallel with the face `and may in instances be employed to abut a shoulder such as 2 (see Figure 6) for gaging a dimension between such shoulder and any other shoulder such as 28. However, there is preferably secured to the end 94 a slidable plate S6 having parallel faces 98 and lili), and The plate is provided with parallel slots lili and li secured by screws it threaded in the block 39, and an elongated aperture l iii to clear the sleeves itil and d2. rlhe plate may readily be shifted to a position such as shown in Figure 'l or 8 to engage the end face i l i of a work piece for gaging the distance between such face and, for example, the shoulder 2S, or the side wall lili of an annular groove lid, as shown In the latter case, the gage rod is provided with a disk head il@ having parallel surfaces lit and lZEi, arranged perpendicular to the axis of the gage rod.

rihe shoulders 2&3 of Figure 6, maybe lleted as shown at E22 of Figure 9. In order for the dihedral to seat squarely upon the cylindrical part l2@ a safe distance from the fillet 22 which would otherwise disturb the accurate seating of the block with the gage pin in parallelism, a spacer block i2@ having parallel faces t28 and 13.0 may be secured to the forward face 92 of the block t. VIn Figure 10, such block is shown as provided with slots E32 and |34 for reception of screws E36 and |33 threaded into block 30, and la slot Hill to clear the gage pin 32. The spacer block will normally be set at a proper distance where used as in Figure 9, so that it will only engage the surface adjacent` the fillet, which is a plane surface, and care will be exercised to assure that the fillet curvature is adequately spaced from contact with the spacer block.

Since the gage is'adapted for lengths, it is desirable to adequately support the free end of the gage pin 32, for which purpose the bracket 51132 is provided. The bracket may be of T-section for rigidity with the web ldd gradually decreasing in height for lightness. The bracket may be of any length as appears essential to provide adequate support to the pin. rhe ange part Mit of the T-section will preferably be received in a groove ill in the top face of the block et, of a depth to provide a flush t. The flange part may be provided with a true edge IEB adapted for engaging a true edge 552 (parallel with the gage pin axis) of the groove M8. The bracket is secured to the block by a plurality of flat head screws ict. The threaded bore 156 for receiving such screws is offse't a few thousandths of an inch laterally from the screw head aper-V tures it@ in the flange of the T-member, so that the under cones of the fiat head screws will' cause the bracket edge |59 to draw over into tightaccurate engagement with the mating edge S52V (see Figure 5).

rlhe outer end of the bracket carries a pin guide angle piece iii@ having an Iaperture |62 for the pin in accurate alignment with the sleeve bore d3. The angle piece |60 is secured to the bracket by screws ltd, andV dowel pins IE6, if desired. The block may be grooved asY at ISB to provide a grip, and the web its of the bracket maybe provided with an aperture i'l for convenient hanging on a hook, in a manner least liable to injure the gage or any setting thereof.

rEhe obtuse angle of the dihedral may be in the order of or any angle as may be found desirable, and adapted to engage a wide range of diameters, while the block may be of a size convenient for handling and in many instances of a sizelapproxirnately 11/ inches across, The bore for the half sleeves and gage rod will be located relatively close to the dihedral, but through the use of disks (see Figure 8) such spacing need not be too close. faces 3d and 35 may, if desired, be built up by securing thereto, as by screws, additional blocks such as itil and 2&2 (see Figure l0) whose opposite faces are parallel. The gage may be supplied with a plurality of standard size brackets, and gage rods, varying in length by inches or halfv inches, if desired. The half sleeves, being settable within the block over a considerable distance, make it possible to set the gage for any dimension with a minimum of parts to select from. Likewise, the end block Sie may vary in width so as to conveniently reach a surface axially inward a distance from the cylindrical surface engaged by the dihedral. In practice, sev'- eral plates of varying width may be furnished together with rods andv brackets in the form of a set.

When set, the gage is rugged, capable ofretaning a setting an-d adapted to accurately deff termine on rapid inspection the length of a work piece, particularly as to whether the dimension lies within the allowable tolerances. By use of va suitable label plate H2, the gage settingfmay On the other hand, the dihedral be indicated, and the setting may not be altered Without removal thereof first. In practice, the bore 82 and other cavities such as threaded bores 50 and 52 may be lled with beeswax to form a protective seal against change of setting by unauthorized persons.

In order to assure perfect alignment of the pin 32 within the bore 3B of the split sleeves 40 and 42, four bali point contacts may be provided in one of the sleeves to eliminate substantially all clearance. As shown in Figures 12 and 13, each of such contacts may comprise a ball |90 backed up by headless screws 192 and l94 adapted to jam against one another. Each ball is partially received in a socket H96 in the end of the screw |92, and is prevented from dropping out by a shoulder |98.

The gage surfaces 34 and 36 may merge into narrow marginal at surfaces 35 and 31 lying in a common plane, if desired. The gage block ordinarily will make tangential contact with cylindrical surfaces, but where the radius of the surface is great, contact will `be had along the lines of intersection between plane surfaces 36 and 3l and 34 and 35. The plane surfaces 35 and 31 will provide lines of contact to enable the gage to contact cylindrical surface of any radius, and even of infinite radius, which latter is the equivalent of a plane surface. Thus, the gage may be employed to measure distances between parallel stepped surfaces. Axial alignment under these circumstances is assured by conjoint contact of the surfaces and 3l and an end surface such as 92, or other parallel surface such as 98, with a pair of surfaces of the work, at right angles to each other.

The blocks 180 and {82 may be of wedge shape longitudinally thereof, if desired, so as to contact a taper, along elemental lines of contact converging at the axis of the work piece. In such case, the axis of the bore 38 will bear such relation as to be held parallel to such work piece axis or the common axis of such elemental lines of contact, when the blocks are in line contact with the taper.

Although a single embodiment of the invention has been illustrated and described, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited thereto. As various changes in the construction and arrangement may be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, as will be apparent to those skilled in the art, reference will be had to the appended claims for a definition of the limits of the invention.

What is claimed is:

l. In a tolerance measuring gage, a block having a shallow dihedral on one side thereof formed by two plane surfaces having an angle of less than 180 therebetween and adapted to engage simultaneously and tangentially an external cylindrical surface, a bore in said block parallel thereto, a plane gaging surface on said block extending perpendicular to said bore, a pair of half sleeves in said bore providing a second concentric bore, means for rigidly locking said half sleeves against movement in said bore, a gage pin freely slidable in said second bore at all times, and flush pin indicating surfaces carried by said pin and half sleeves.

2. In a tolerance measuring gage, a block having a shallow dihedral surface adapted to engage a circular object along two elemental lines of tangency, a bore in said block parallel to the common axis of said elemental lines, an elongated gage pin freely slidably mounted in said bore for movement parallel with said axis, flush pin means for determining the relative position of said pin and said block, and bracket means secured to said block having a slidable support for said pin spaced from said block and a gaging face on the block and the pin, said faces extending perpendicular to theV line of sa-id parallel movement.

3. In a tolerance measuring gage, a block having a surface adapted to contact a cylindrical surface along two spaced parallel lines of contact, said block having a plane surface perpendicular to such two spaced parallel lines of contact, a plate having a plane surface engaging said block plane surface and adapted to be secured to said block with a portion of said plane surface overhanging said first named block surface, a gage pin freely slidably mounted in said block on an axis parallel with said parallel lines, said pin having a gaging surface transverse to its axis, and ush pin indicating surfaces carried by said block and an end of said pin for indicating the distance between said gaging pin and plate surfaces.

4. In a tolerance measuring gage, a block having a surface adapted to engage an external cylindrical object along two parallel lines of tangency, a gage pin freely slidably mounted in said block for movement parallel with said lines of tangency, settable means secured to the block and having surfaces cooperating with one end of said pin for determining the relative position of said pin and said block for gaging a dimension within predetermined tolerances, and means coacting between said settable means and the pin to restrict the movement of said pin with respect to said block to a range including the range between the predetermined tolerances.

5. In a tolerance measuring gage, a block having a shallow dihedral on one side thereof formed by two plane surfaces having an angle of less than therebetween and adapted` to engage simultaneously and tangentially an external cylindrical surface, a bore in said block parallel thereto, a pair of half sleeve members in said bore providing a second concentric bore, a gage pin at all times freely slidable in said second bore, means for independently securing said members axially thereof, and flush pin gaging surfaces carried by said pin and sleeve members.

6. In a tolerance measuring gage, a block having a shallow dihedral on one side thereof formed by two plane surfaces having an angle of less than 180o therebetween and adapted to engage simultaneously and tangentially an external cylindrical surface, a bore in said block extending substantially parallel thereto, a pair of half sleeve members in said bore providing a second concentric bore, a gage pin at all times freely slidable in said bore, means for independently setting said members axially thereof, additional means for securing said members in set position, and flush pin gaging surfaces carried by said pin and half sleeves.

7. In a tolerance measuring gage, a block having a shallow dihedral on one side thereof formed by two plane surfaces having an angle of less than 180 therebetween and adapted to engage simultaneously and tangentially an external cylindrical surface, a bore in said block extending substantially parallel thereto, a pair of half sleeve members in said bore providing a second concentric bore, means for securing said members axially thereof, a gage pin at all times freely slidable in said bore, means for limiting the 7., slidingv movementof said gagev pmtOta predetermined; range and. transverse flushpinigaging surfaces carried by said pinand half sleeves.`

8.Y In a tolerance,measuringgage, a: block hav-V ing. a. shallow dihedral on .one side thereof, a bore in said block extending substantially parallel thereto, sleeve means freely slidable in said bore and settable axially along the length thereof and providing a second concentric bore, a gage pin freely slidable at all times in saidsleeve, flush pin'. gaging4 means on one,V end of said sleeve means and oneend of said pin, said block having a plane surface perpendicular to said bore axis, and a plate having a plane face. settably secured against said plane surface, with said face overhanging and intersecting the planes of said dihedral.

References- Cited in the ile of thisV patent UNITED STA-TES PATENTS Number Number Naine- Date McDuff et al. Sept. 30, 1890 Stemmerich Oct. 22, 1395 Topping Aug. 11, 1896 .Sovelius Oct. 20, 1903 Beach Apr. 1, 1919 Buckingham Oct. 12, 1926 Kersaw May l, 1928 Vierling Nov. 21, 1944 LaValley May 28, 1946 Stoothoff Apr. 5, 19.49

FOREIGN PATENTS Country Date Switzerland Mar. 16, 1917 Germany Sept. 25', 1922 Great Britain June' 29, 1943 Great Britain Nov'. 15, 1944 OTHER REFERENCES Publ.: Machinery, page'911, July 1926. 

